What is a seasonal business?

A seasonal business is a type of business whose income and expenses fluctuate significantly depending on the time of year. Examples of such businesses include travel agencies, agricultural farms, retail stores that operate only during holiday seasons, and winter or summer clothing suppliers. These businesses often have to adapt to peak seasons with high demand as well as off-season periods when sales decline. These fluctuations require sound financial planning and management to ensure the stability of the business during periods of low activity and to avoid a shortage of funds during the peak season.

Why is proper accounting for a seasonal business important?

Accurate accounting for a seasonal business is crucial for several key reasons:

1. Forecasting cash flows is essential as it enables precise planning of both income and expenses, which is vital for managing seasonal variations. This foresight helps in preparing for challenging periods when the business might experience cash shortages, ensuring ongoing financial stability.
2. Tax management: accurate accounting helps prevent mistakes in handling tax obligations. Incorrect submission of tax filings can result in fines and unexpected costs.
3. Future planning: it aids in predicting cash flow for upcoming seasons, which is essential for sustainable business growth. This enables efficient inventory management, cost optimization, and the ability to boost profits year-round.

Basic accounting considerations for a seasonal business

1. Make a detailed budget

Budgeting is a crucial step for seasonal businesses, enabling detailed financial planning for each season and helping to prevent unforeseen challenges. To make an effective budget, you need to:

• Determine revenues for the season: analyze previous periods to forecast possible revenues based on demand and sales during peak months.
• Estimate variable and fixed costs: divide costs into those that depend on sales volume (variable) and those that remain stable throughout the year (fixed).
• Calculate the average profit by season: this will help you understand which seasons are the most profitable and which ones require extra effort to maintain revenue.
• Allocate funds for unforeseen costs: it’s essential to create a reserve for unexpected expenses, particularly during the off-season when income may be lower.

2. Cash flow management

Cash flow management in a seasonal business is particularly important because profits are often concentrated in certain months and expenses need to be covered all year round. To do this:

• Schedule cash receipts and expenditures: it is important to understand exactly when receipts are expected and when obligations need to be covered.
• Use reserves from successful months to cover off-season expenses: profits earned during peak seasons should be carefully allocated to ensure smooth cash flow during low activity periods.
• Establish a system to track client debts: this will help avoid cash gaps, especially if client payments are delayed, and ensure financial stability during the off-season.

3. Attention to inventory and merchandise accounting

Managing inventory in a seasonal business demands extra attention to prevent both overstocking and stockouts, as either can impact profitability. To effectively track inventory:

• Analyze demand trends for goods: it is important to understand when and which goods will be most in demand in order to purchase the necessary quantities in a timely manner.
• Use FIFO (first in, first out) or LIFO (last in, first out) methods: these methods allow you to properly account for inventory costs and minimize the risks associated with product obsolescence.
• Take inventory regularly: regular stock checks avoid losses due to forgotten or unsold goods.

4. Planning for tax liabilities

A seasonal business may experience changes in income, which requires careful attention to taxation. To avoid errors in calculations, you should:

• Utilize a tax allowance system: this will distribute tax liabilities more evenly throughout the year, taking into account seasonal fluctuations in income.
• Understand tax incentives for seasonal businesses: familiarize yourself with possible tax advantages or incentives that are available to seasonal businesses to reduce your tax burden.
• Keep track of tax reporting dates and tax payments: late payment of taxes can result in penalties, so it is important to plan ahead for these expenses.

5. Record keeping for off-season periods

The off-season is a time when revenues may be down, but expenses such as rent or salaries continue to exist. To effectively keep records during this period:

• Audit and analyze expenses: it is important to keep a close eye on all expenses to minimize them and avoid unnecessary costs.
• Take into account liabilities such as rent, salaries and other fixed costs: even if revenues decrease, these costs remain and should be factored into the calculations.
• Strategically plan future purchases: to minimize costs during the off-season, make early plans for buying and stocking inventory for the upcoming season, when prices may be more favorable.

How can you use technology to improve your accounting?

Modern technology can simplify accounting for a seasonal business, improving accuracy and efficiency. Here are a few tools:

1. Accounting programs

Tools like QuickBooks, Xero, and FreshBooks streamline the process of tracking income and expenses, generating reports, and calculating taxes. These programs accelerate accounting tasks, minimize the chances of mistakes, and enhance financial forecasting.

2. Cloud storage

Cloud storage, such as Google Drive and Dropbox, allows you to securely store and share financial documents anytime and from any device for easy access and collaboration.

3. Inventory programs

Tools like TradeGecko and Zoho Inventory help you accurately track inventory, automate orders and forecast merchandise needs, which is important for seasonal businesses.

4. Cash flow planning programs

Software such as PlanGuru and Float assists in predicting cash flow and managing cash shortfalls, a critical function for businesses that experience seasonal variations in both income and expenses.

Conclusion

Successful bookkeeping in a seasonal business is not just a challenge, but a strategic opportunity for sustainable growth. Proper financial flow management, accurate inventory accounting, and predictability of expenses and revenues allow you to not only overcome the challenges of seasonal fluctuations, but to capitalize on them. When accounting becomes the foundation of business planning, you build not only the success of the current season, but also confidence in the future. After all, financial stability is not a temporary good, but a guarantee of prosperity and development of your business for many years to come.

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Benefits of cryptocurrencies in accounting and finance

Cryptocurrencies are not merely altering transactional methodologies; they are also unlocking substantial advantages for accounting and financial operations. Below are several pivotal aspects that render these digital assets particularly appealing to businesses and accounting professionals:

• Process automation: The use of blockchain technology can significantly speed up and simplify financial transactions, minimizing errors and speeding up processes. This is especially important for online casinos, where a large number of transactions need to be processed in real time.
• Accessibility and security: Cryptocurrencies provide faster, cheaper and safer fund transfers, eliminating the need for intermediaries. This can be extremely beneficial for players and casino operators, as they can conduct international transactions at minimal cost and without the risk of data loss.
• New investment opportunities: A variety of cryptocurrency instruments such as tokens and cryptocurrency bonds open up additional channels for raising capital and improving liquidity, which can be useful for online platforms including Betunlim casino no deposit bonus codes and other similar services and incentives.

The impact of cryptocurrencies on accounting

1. Changes in asset classification

Cryptocurrencies, despite their popularity, cannot be directly classified as cash or traditional financial instruments. According to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and U.S. GAAP, cryptocurrencies are considered intangible assets. This entails the need for a special approach when accounting for them.

• Block gains and losses associated with cryptocurrencies may require more detailed reporting.
• Cryptocurrencies should account for both long- and short-term assets depending on their use.

2. Change in amortization principles

The introduction of cryptocurrencies into accounting introduces a novel challenge—amortization. Owing to the inherent volatility of these digital assets, the application of conventional depreciation methods, such as the straight-line approach, becomes problematic. In certain instances, companies may be compelled to reassess the valuation of their cryptocurrency holdings, necessitating the development of innovative methodologies for accurate financial calculations.

3. Updating reporting standards

Major corporations and financial institutions are bound by rigorous reporting requirements, a mandate that extends to cryptocurrency transactions. This has prompted accountants to adopt novel methodologies and leverage advanced tools for accurately recording cryptocurrency assets and assessing their financial implications. The evolving nature of these digital assets necessitates continuous updates to ensure compliance with both regulatory frameworks and industry best practices.

How are cryptocurrencies changing financial processes?

Cryptocurrencies are not only transforming accounting but also significantly impacting broader financial processes. The rise of digital assets like Bitcoin and Ethereum creates new opportunities to streamline financial transactions, especially in international settlements and investment strategies. Let’s examine how cryptocurrencies are reshaping traditional financial practices.

1. Optimizing remittances

Cryptocurrencies are simplifying international remittances by reducing the cost and time of transactions. Previously, transfers through traditional banks or systems such as SWIFT could take days and were burdened with significant fees. With cryptocurrency, money can be transferred instantly and with minimal costs.

2. Transforming tax practices

In countries with high tax rates, cryptocurrencies can be used to minimize tax expenses. However, it should be taken into account that tax authorities are beginning to require companies to fully disclose information about cryptocurrency transactions, which requires the use of new accounting and tax technologies.

3. Increased transparency of financial transactions

The use of blockchain technology in cryptocurrencies allows for greater transparency in financial transactions. Each transaction is recorded in the blockchain and becomes available to all participants, which makes financial reporting more reliable and eliminates the possibility of data falsification.

4. Emergence of new financial instruments

Cryptocurrencies are opening up opportunities to create new financial products such as cryptocurrency bonds, tokens and other assets. This not only improves liquidity, but also creates new ways for companies and investors to raise capital.

Benefits and Challenges for Accountants and Financial Professionals

The integration of cryptocurrencies into finance and accounting has brought both new opportunities and challenges for professionals. While digital currencies offer potential to optimize processes, they also demand a high level of adaptability and readiness for unconventional scenarios. Let’s explore the key advantages and hurdles that accountants and financial experts are encountering in this evolving landscape.

Advantages:

• Process automation: With blockchain technology, many financial transactions can be automated, reducing errors and speeding up processes.
• Accessibility and security: Cryptocurrencies allow for faster and safer transfers of funds without intermediaries, making them particularly beneficial for transactions with international partners.
• New investment opportunities: Raising capital and the diversity of investment instruments opens up new horizons for companies.

Challenges:

• Regulatory challenges: Most countries do not have a clear legal framework for cryptocurrencies, creating uncertainty for accountants and companies.
• Volatility: The high volatility of cryptocurrencies makes them difficult to use for long-term planning, requiring accountants to be flexible and sensitive to risk.
• Learning and adapting: Accountants and finance professionals need to constantly update their knowledge and skills to stay current with new technologies and standards.

What does the future hold for accounting and finance?

The future of accounting and finance is poised to be shaped by the continued adoption of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology. These innovations promise to accelerate transactions, enhance reporting efficiency, and foster greater transparency. However, their successful integration hinges on overcoming legal and financial obstacles, alongside the development of specialized tools and standards that will facilitate the seamless incorporation of cryptocurrencies into established financial frameworks.

Key Findings:

• Cryptocurrencies are changing the approach to accounting, requiring new methods of recording and analyzing assets.
• The volatility of cryptocurrencies creates challenges, but also presents opportunities to optimize financial processes.
• Blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies will continue to evolve and impact the finance and accounting industry in the coming years.

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About Taxation

Taxation essentially means charging individuals, businesses, and transactions. These charges then go to fund important services like education, healthcare, infrastructure, and the army. Another function of taxes is that they help redistribute income, which makes society fairer and reduces inequalities. All people and businesses are supposed to pay some taxes. Whether it’s casinos that accept PayPal, ice cream sellers, NGOs, or McDonald’s — everyone, if they work legally, pays money into the country’s budget. Although tax systems vary, some types of taxes are common worldwide.

Income Tax

 Income tax is money that individuals and businesses pay to the government based on the money they earn from their jobs, investments, or other sources of income. It’s calculated as a percentage of total income. The rate depends on how much you earn and your country of residence. Some countries have progressive income tax systems,  where people have to pay  higher rates for higher incomes. The opposite of a progressive income tax system is the regressive one. This means that people with lower incomes pay a higher proportion of their income in taxes compared to those with higher incomes.

Value Added Tax (VAT) or Goods and Services Tax (GST)

VAT or GST is a tax added to the cost of goods and services at each stage of production or distribution. It’s paid by consumers when they buy products or services. Different countries have different ways of doing VAT/GST. Some have one rate for everyone, while others have different rates. For example, basic necessities may have lower taxes or no taxes at all to keep them affordable for people with lower incomes. Lower tax rates may be applied to goods and services that support environmental sustainability. But a single standard VAT or GST rate has its benefits, it simplifies tax calculations and reduces administrative complexities.

Property Tax

Property tax is a tax that people pay based on the value of their land, buildings, or other real estate property. Property tax is a yearly fee.  Local assessors usually consider factors like location, size, and improvements when they determine the amount of this tax

Excise Tax

Excise taxes focus on certain goods like tobacco, alcohol, fuel, and luxury items, considered harmful. The tax is typically included in the price of the product, with manufacturers or sellers responsible for collecting and remitting the tax to the government. Governments use these taxes to reduce consumption, tackle negative effects, and encourage public health and environmental protection.  However, high excise tax rates may incentivize smuggling and counterfeiting.

Payroll Tax

Payroll taxes are payments made by both employers and employees to support social insurance programs like social security, healthcare, and unemployment benefits. The amount of payroll taxes taken from an employee’s pay can change depending on how much they earn and which programs are funded. But high payroll tax rates can increase labor costs for employers and  reduce hiring or lead to  wage stagnation.

Customs Duties

Customs duties or tariffs,  are taxes charged on goods and services coming into a country from abroad. Governments use these tariffs to control trade, support local industries, and earn money from imports. The rates of these tariffs can change depending on the type of product, trade agreements, and global politics.

Effects of Taxation

Well-designed tax systems encourage efficient use of resources and promote economic growth. Taxes can help reduce income inequality when the government taxes higher-income individuals more and provides welfare programs. This promotes fairness and inclusivity in society. 

Strong enforcement and transparent administration of taxes help ensure everyone pays their fair share. However, there are some universal problems with taxation. Often, people complain that tax laws are complicated, making it hard for them to understand and follow them. Simplifying laws, educating taxpayers, and using technology can make compliance easier. 

Some people simply do not like the concept of taxation and try to avoid paying taxes. They hide assets or transfer them to offshore accounts to conceal income.It’s important for countries to work together to solve these problems and prevent companies from moving profits to avoid taxes. But the reality is that countries do not want to cooperate with each other when it comes to a universal taxation system. And until this issue is resolved, there will be people and businesses who do not pay taxes to their country.

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Beard Taxes

This is one of the most peculiar taxes in history. During the 16th and 17th centuries, England and Russia had a strange tax called the beard tax. King Henry VIII and Peter the Great wanted fewer people to wear beards, so they made a rule: people with beards had to pay a tax. Many people didn’t like this rule and made fun of it, but  it lasted for a while. 

Window Taxes

Window taxes, also known as glass taxes or daylight taxes, were introduced  in various European countries during the 18th and 19th centuries. These taxes were based on the number of windows in a property. Homeowners were required to pay a levy for each window. The rationale behind window taxes was to generate revenue for governments and  discourage the construction of large windows, which were seen as a sign of luxury. Window taxes resulted in darker and less ventilated living spaces. 

Cow Flatulence Tax

In recent years, concerns about greenhouse gas emissions and climate change have led to the proposal of some unusual environmental taxes. One such tax is the cow flatulence tax. Denmark and New Zealand proposed and promoted this kind of taxation. The idea behind it is to levy a charge on livestock farmers for the methane emissions produced by cows’. Methane is a strong greenhouse gas. Taxing cow flatulence was suggested as a method to encourage farmers to either have fewer livestock or to use technologies that lower methane emissions

Bagel Tax

In the 1980s, New York tried to put a tax on sliced bagels. Officials were saying bagels were like prepared food and should be taxed. However, the proposal was met with widespread public outrage. The bagel tax was ultimately abandoned. But this story shows how far governments might go to make money.

Jousting Tournaments Tax

Jousting tournaments were big events in medieval times. Both rich and poor people wanted to see these shows. Some European rulers taxed tournaments. People who wanted to compete or watch it had to pay a tax. 

Hat Tax

In the 1700s, the government in England put a tax on hats, especially those made from beaver fur. People didn’t like this tax, and it caused problems for both hat makers and buyers. After many complaints and protests, the tax was removed. 

Salt Tax

Salt used to be a precious asset. It was used for preserving food and even as a kind of money. Throughout history, governments have taxed salt. Some countries kept salt taxes for a long time. Kings and queens put taxes on making and trading salt. Such taxes led to a situation where some people obtained a monopoly on salt and others smuggled it. 

Playing Card Tax

England introduced a tax on playing cards in the 18th century. Each deck had to have a tax stamp to prove the tax had been paid. Those caught with unstamped cards faced severe penalties. Nevertheless, there was a flourishing black market for playing cards in England then.

Sunshine Tax

This is not a tax in the traditional sense. The term “sunshine tax” refers to the higher cost of living in places with better weather. It’s often discussed in the context of real estate and living expenses in areas known for their sunny climates.  Even though this isn’t a government-imposed tax, it is a good example of how natural advantages, like sunshine, can affect economic decisions.

All those taxes show us that governments throughout history have devised strange ways to raise money and control their populations. You might think that times have changed and modern societies would never allow their governments to implement such peculiar methods of filling the budget. But in fact, we are not immune to this. As times change, we can expect to see more unusual taxes, contributing to the fascinating history of taxation.

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What Are Taxes?

Most people view taxes as a necessary evil – something we must pay to keep the government running. But what are taxes, and where do they come from?

In short, taxes are a percentage of your income that you pay to the government. The money you pay in taxes goes toward various government programs and services, such as national defense, education, and infrastructure. The government typically collects taxes through payroll deductions. This means that a certain percentage of your income is taken out of your paycheck before you even see it.

The tax code in some countries is complicated, and it can be challenging to figure out how taxes apply to your business. If you’re in the gambling industry, you may wonder how casinos and taxes work together.

In most countries, gambling winnings are taxable. If you win money at casino non AAMS, you’ll need to report those earnings on your tax return. The casino will also send a copy of your winnings to the IRS.

What if I told you you pay taxes on all your income, including money you make from a side business? Taxes are the way that governments keep their money and distribute it to the people who need it the most. Income taxes are legally charged to every employee, so if you are unemployed and receiving unemployment, this is not a problem. You are still paying income taxes.  

Why Do We Have to Pay Taxes?

We all know that taxes are a necessary part of life, but have you ever wondered why we have to pay them? Most developed countries have some form of taxation, a mandatory payment that individuals and businesses must make to the government.

Some of the main reasons why we have to pay taxes include the following:

• To fund public services: Taxes are used to fund essential public services like healthcare, education, and infrastructure
• To support the government: Taxes help to keep the government running and fund essential initiatives like national defense.
• To promote social welfare: Taxes can fund social welfare programs that help improve citizens’ lives.

While paying taxes may not be the most exciting thing in the world, it is essential to remember that taxes play a vital role in society.

What are the Different Types of Taxes?

The United States has three main types of taxes: federal, state, and local. 

• Federal taxes are imposed by the federal government and are paid to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). 
• State taxes are imposed by each state and are paid to the state government. 
• Local taxes, such as cities and counties, are imposed by local governments and paid to the local government.

The three types of taxes are all based on different things. Federal taxes are based on income, state taxes are based on sales, and local taxes are based on property values. Each type of tax has its own specific rules and regulations.

How Can I Save Money On Taxes?

There are several ways you can save money on taxes. Some standard methods include claiming deductions, taking advantage of tax credits, and investing in tax-advantaged accounts.

Deductions are expenses that you can subtract from your taxable income. This includes business expenses, charitable donations, and medical expenses.

Credits are reductions to your tax liability. This means you can reduce the taxes you owe by claiming credits. Several additional credits are available, including the Earned Income Credit and the Child Tax Credit.

Investing in tax-advantaged accounts can also help you save on taxes. These accounts offer tax breaks on the money you contribute, and they can grow tax-free. Examples of tax-advantaged accounts include 401(k)s and IRAs.

Talk to a tax expert if you’re looking for ways to save money on taxes. They can help you maximize your tax savings and ensure you take advantage of all the tax breaks you’re entitled to.

What are Some Financial Tax Tips for Small Businesses?

To keep your business up and running, you need to be on the safe side of the tax code. Remember a few things regarding your small business’s tax and finance. 

• First, keep track of all your income and expenses. This will help you stay organized and make it easier to file your taxes. 
• Second, if you have any employees, make sure you withhold the correct amount of taxes from their paychecks. 
• Third, stay up to date on the latest tax laws and regulations. This will help you ensure you comply with the law and avoid penalties.
• Know the basics of tax law. The first step to managing your business’s taxes is a basic understanding of tax law. This will allow you to make informed decisions about structuring your business and files.
• You must ensure you keep accurate records of all your income and expenses. This will make filing your taxes and keeping track of your finances much more manageable.
• You must be aware of the tax deductions and credits you may be eligible for. These can save you a lot of money come tax time. 
• You need to ensure you are staying up to date on the latest changes in tax law. This can help you save money and avoid penalties. 

These simple tips will help you stay on top of your finances and keep your small business in good standing.

To Wrap Things Up

In conclusion, it is essential to comply with tax laws to grow the economy. Tax compliance ensures that businesses and individuals are paying their fair share, which helps to fund public services and infrastructure. Non-compliance can lead to economic decline, penalties, and interest charges. 

When it comes to taxes, it is always best to be on the side of caution and comply with the law. Thus, everyone must understand the basics of taxes and how they work. This guide provides all the information you need about taxes to comply with the law and help contribute to the economy’s growth.

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As mentioned earlier, taxes in Canada are quite high. The federal government imposes a tax on most goods and services sold in Canada, as well as on income earned by Canadian residents. The provincial governments also impose their own taxes, which can vary depending on the province or territory. In addition to these two types of taxes, there is also a capital gains tax, which is imposed on profits made from selling investments such as stocks, bonds, and real estate.

Income tax in Canada is a levy imposed by the federal government on individuals and corporations. The amount of tax you pay is based on your income and province of residence. In most provinces, the tax rates are progressive, meaning that the higher your income, the higher your tax rate will be.

The first step in filing your taxes is to calculate your gross income. This includes all sources of income, such as employment income, investment income, and pension or retirement income. Once you have calculated your gross income, you will then need to deduct any eligible expenses. These can include things like business expenses, union dues, and child care expenses. After deducting eligible expenses, you will then calculate your taxable income.

Once you have calculated your taxable income, you will then need to determine your tax rate. This is based on the province or territory in which you reside. The federal government sets the tax rates for each province and territory, but the provinces and territories have the authority to set their own personal income tax rates.

After you have determined your tax rate, you will then need to calculate your taxes payable. This is done by multiplying your taxable income by your tax rate. For example, if you have a taxable income of $50,000 and a tax rate of 20%, your taxes payable would be $50,000 x 20% = $10000.

Once you have calculated your taxes payable, you will then need to file a tax return with the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). This can be done online, by mail, or in person. The CRA will then assess your tax return and issue a notice of assessment. This will tell you how much tax you owe or if you are entitled to a refund.

Canadian Taxes and Cryptocurrency

Now that we have discussed the different types of taxes that you may be required to pay in Canada, let’s take a look at how Canadian taxation works in cryptocurrency. When it comes to Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, the Canadian government has not yet provided any clear guidance on how they should be taxed. However, it is generally accepted that capital gains tax should be applied to any profits made from selling cryptocurrency.

Fines For Not Paying Taxes In Canada

Canada has a number of fines and penalties for taxpayers who don’t comply with the country’s tax laws. The most common penalty is called the “failure to file” penalty, which is charged when a taxpayer doesn’t file their taxes on time. This penalty is 5% of the unpaid tax bill, plus 1% of the unpaid tax bill for each month that the return is late, up to a maximum of 12 months. There are also penalties for “failure to pay” and “understating taxes payable.” The failure to pay penalty is 2% of the unpaid tax bill, plus 1% interest per month on the unpaid amount. The understating taxes payable penalty is 4% of the understatement, plus 1% interest per month on the unpaid amount. Lastly, there are also criminal penalties for tax evasion, which can include fines and jail time.

If you are interested in learning more about taxation in Canada, we suggest speaking with a qualified accountant or tax lawyer. They will be able to provide you with the most up-to-date information and help you understand the taxation process in Canada. Now that you know everything you need to know about taxation in Canada, you can start planning for tax time!

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Each state levies licensing fees. They are paid annually by entities for the right to engage in certain activities within that state. They account for about 6 percent of a state’s total tax revenue.

Some states, such as California, levy a business activity tax. The tax includes two elements: a tax on the total annual turnover of a business ranging from 1 to 2.5 percent and a payroll tax. In California, the tax is 1.6%.

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All states tax different types of fuel at their own rates. They are set in cents per gallon of fuel. Excise taxes on alcohol are also collected at the state level. In some, these taxes are set as a percentage of wholesale or retail sales; in others, the rates are expressed in dollars per gallon of liquor and vary according to the strength of the liquor.

The number of excise taxes is constantly increasing. For example, with the advent of the e-cigarette fashion, some states introduced an excise tax on vaping liquid, and with the beginning of legal marijuana sales, a number of states introduced a corresponding excise tax.
Excise payments on e-cigarette liquids – U.S. company registration: the U.S. tax system

Excise payments on e-cigarette liquids are some of the “youngest” taxes in the U.S., along with taxes on marijuana sales.

When it comes to excise taxes for U.S. corporations, excise taxes are taxes paid by companies on the extraction of natural resources: oil, gas, coal, timber.

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A 2018 analysis of a number of Fortune 500 companies found that 60 profitable U.S. companies have failed to pay nearly $80 billion in taxes, including Facebook, Amazon, Google, Apple, Uber and others. Not only do these companies find loopholes to avoid paying taxes, some of them are quite successful in claiming tax breaks.

For example, Amazon’s profits rose to $11.2 billion in 2018, almost double the previous year. Do you know how much income tax they corporation paid? $0 and not a dime more. How did they do that? Simple: they reinvested their profits in research, in real estate, and gave away additional financial rewards to their employees. All of this allowed the corporation to get a tax break.

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For example, it may be normal for neighboring houses of approximately equal square footage belonging to different neighborhoods to be taxed at different rates. The reason may be that in one area, the main tax burden may be shifted to a large business, while in another area, the tax burden may be shifted to the residents of the neighborhood.

The size of the tax rate can also be affected by the value of the home. It is not necessarily the case that neighborhoods with more expensive housing will pay more taxes. The situation can often be the opposite.

And there is the fact that property tax rates can vary not only between states but also within a state. Here’s another example: Georgia has relatively low property taxes. The average fee in the middle of the state is $560, but in the Atlanta suburbs it jumps to $2760.

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